Retirement evokes different ideas for each of us, but for many people, travel is part of the picture. If you plan to use your newfound freedom from the 9-to-5 grind to see the world, take that into consideration when you enroll in Medicare and select your supplemental coverage products.
Original Medicare generally doesn’t cover treatment outside the United States and its territories (Guam, Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, American Samoa, and Northern Mariana Islands), and Medicare prescription drug plans do not cover outpatient medications purchased outside the United States.
There are very limited exceptions where Medicare might pick up the tab (with the patient paying 20 percent of the approved amount, plus the Part B deductible if outpatient care is covered). But foreign hospitals do not have to submit claims to Medicare; if you qualify for coverage, you might have to submit your own itemized bill for reimbursement.
In any case, Original Medicare coverage outside the United States and U.S. territories is limited to these circumstances:
- You’re in the U.S. when you have a medical emergency but you’re close enough to its border that the nearest hospital is outside the United States, or you live near the border and the closest hospital that can treat you (regardless of whether it’s an emergency) is outside the United States.
- You’re traveling between Alaska and another U.S. state via a direct route through Canada “without unreasonable delay” and a medical emergency occurs while you’re in Canada (note that Medicare makes case-by-case determinations on what counts as an “unreasonable delay.” So if you’re taking an extended road trip through Canada en route to Alaska, you’re probably not going to be covered if something happens while you’re in Canada).
- You’re on a cruise ship within six hours of a U.S. port.
Other than those situations, Medicare does not reimburse for care provided outside the United States. So if you’re approaching Medicare enrollment and you’ve got a bit of wanderlust, it’s imperative that you seek out supplemental coverage that will protect you in case of a medical emergency outside the United States.
So what are my options?
If you’re adding a Medigap plan to supplement your Original Medicare, six of the Medigap plan design options provide coverage for medical emergencies outside the United States. Plans C, D, F, G, M, and N cover medical emergencies while traveling, as long as medical care starts within 60 days of leaving the United States.
Medigap plans are only available with no medical underwriting during your initial enrollment period (and very limited special enrollment periods), so it’s wise to plan ahead and choose Medigap coverage with international emergency benefits if you think you might travel during retirement.
(Four older Medigap plans — E, H, I, and J — also provide coverage for emergencies outside the United States. They are no longer for sale, but enrollees who already have them can continue to use them. And plans F and C will no longer be available to people who are new to Medicare after the end of 2019).
With a Medigap plan that covers foreign travel emergencies, the patient pays a $250 deductible plus 20 percent coinsurance, and there’s a lifetime benefit maximum of $50,000.
Some Medicare Advantage plans cover medical emergencies that arise during foreign travel. If you’re considering Medicare Advantage and are planning to travel outside the United States, check with the carrier to see if they cover emergency care outside the United States. Medigap plans cannot be used in conjunction with a Medicare Advantage plan.
If your Medicare coverage is supplemented by retiree health benefits from your employer, check with your plan to see if you have coverage for emergencies during foreign travel.
Beyond private Medicare coverage
For added peace of mind, many Medicare beneficiaries choose to purchase travel medical insurance prior to a trip. Travel medical plans are widely available, but be aware that in many cases, they restrict the amount of coverage available to seniors.
Although travel plans are frequently available with medical benefit maximums as high as seven figures, that limit is often reduced to $50,000 or less for applicants over 70 years old. Travel medical insurance can be used in conjunction with Medigap coverage or other health insurance.
Many travel medical insurance plans include separate medevac coverage, but it can also be purchased on a stand-alone basis from private carriers. Medevac return to the United States is not included in the foreign travel emergency coverage provided by Medigap plans. So beneficiaries with Original Medicare plus Medigap coverage might want to consider purchasing Medevac coverage prior to a trip abroad.
What if I want to retire abroad?
For coverage in your new country, you’d need to purchase private health insurance or buy into the country’s public health plan, if that option is available. If you’re willing and able to return to the United States for hospital care, you’ll still have access to Medicare Part A (assuming you qualify for premium-free Part A by having worked at least 10 years in the U.S.).
But you’d need to purchase Medicare Part B in order to have outpatient coverage, and there’s a 10 percent premium increase for each year that you were eligible for Part B but not enrolled (assuming you didn’t keep paying for Part B while living abroad). Advocacy groups have pushed for Medicare coverage to be portable for retirees who choose to live overseas, but so far, it’s not.
What if I just want to travel in the U.S.?
For Medicare beneficiaries who see endless travel opportunities right here in the U.S., Original Medicare plus a Medigap plan (and a Medicare Part D prescription plan) will provide coverage border to border and coast to coast, including the U.S. territories. Ninety-three percent of all U.S. doctors who provide Medicare-covered services are participating providers with Original Medicare. (Not all of them accept new patients though, so you may want to touch base with some doctors in the area where you’re going to be traveling, to know which ones would see you as a new patient if you needed medical care while on your trip.)
It’s also important to understand that Medicare Part D plans can require members to use in-network pharmacies, and some have localized networks rather than nationwide networks. Check with your Part D plan before traveling, and see if you’ll need to make arrangements to purchase medication in advance or use a mail-order pharmacy.
Medicare Advantage plans cover emergency care anywhere in the United States or its territories, but for routine care, plans typically require enrollees to use a local provider network. With most Medicare Advantage plans, if you travel outside of your plan’s service area (the area you have to live in to enroll in the plan) for more than six months, you’ll be disenrolled from the Medicare Advantage plan and switched to Original Medicare instead.
If you’re in a Medicare Advantage PPO and travel in the United States for less than six months, you’ll have access to out-of-network providers for routine care, but you may have to pay higher out-of-pocket costs. If you’ve got an HMO, you may not have coverage at all for non-emergency care when you’re outside your service area.
Plan ahead
Although Original Medicare on its own won’t cover most travelers when they leave the United States, there are a variety of private coverage options that can fill in that gap. Nobody wants to have a medical emergency during a trip, but careful planning – both when you first enroll in Medicare, and prior to your trip – can save you a lot of headaches down the road – wherever that road may take you.
Louise Norris is an individual health insurance broker who has been writing about health insurance and health reform since 2006. She has written dozens of opinions and educational pieces about the Affordable Care Act for healthinsurance.org. Her state health exchange updates are regularly cited by media who cover health reform and by other health insurance experts.
from Expert analysis of issues that impact Medicare – medicareresources.org http://bit.ly/2E4uOe6
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